Hey bro,
I think the first thing we need to consider is that Peter referred to Paul's letters as Scripture in 2 Peter 3:16. So, unless a passage specifically identifies that Paul is speaking strictly from opinion, we must take his words as the very Word of God. So, even though he says "I" here, he speaks as a man who has the authority given to him by God to instruct the church in these matters of ecclesiology.
Also, if you look at Christianity compared to the culture of the times, Christianity actually allowed more freedom than other institutions. The fact that women were even allowed to learn in silence is a good thing. Many women were kept uneducated and made fearful of the men in society.
As far as modest dressing, I think that's still very relevant. While the braiding of hair is not considered sinful today, it was associated to pagan practices back in the day. So while the specificity of braided hair might not be applicable, the wearing of garments that keep with a woman's professed godliness is required.
God did not leave women out of the teaching roles altogether, though. She is able to teach her children as she raises them up, which is a tremendous endeavor. The older women in Titus 2 are also instructed to teach the younger women.
Gotta leave off here because my break is nearly over.